Entuthukweni enkulu yomkhakha wokukhiqiza insimbi, inkampani ehamba phambili yensimbi ithole inkontileka enkulu yokukhiqiza kanye nokuhlinzeka ngamapayipi ensimbi ane-spiral-welded, eyaziwa nangokuthi amapayipi e-SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded), ngephrojekthi esezingeni eliphezulu ISaudi Aramco. Lesi sivumelwano asigcizeleli nje kuphela isidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo yensimbi yeqophelo eliphezulu emkhakheni wezamandla kodwa futhi sigqamisa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni amapayipi okubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namazinga aqinile yenye yezinkampani zikawoyela ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ukuqonda amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe ngu-Spiral
Amapayipi ensimbi ane-Spiral-welded awuhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elikhiqizwa ngokushisela ngokuvunguza umugqa wensimbi oyisicaba ube yisimo se-tubular. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza inikeza izinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwamasu welding we-straight-seam welding. Inqubo yokushisela i-spiral ivumela ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi amakhulu obubanzi, abalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi embonini kawoyela negesi.
Amapayipi e-SSAW abonakala ngamandla awo aphezulu nokuqina, okwenza afanelekele ukuthutha uketshezi namagesi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa izicelo ezifana nokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, indle, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, emkhakheni kawoyela negesi ukuthutha uwoyela ongahluziwe kanye negesi yemvelo ngokuhamba amabanga amade.
Iphrojekthi ye-Aramco
ISaudi Aramco, inkampani kawoyela ephethwe nguhulumeni yaseSaudi Arabia, yaziwa ngezinqolobane zayo ezinkulu zikawoyela nengqalasizinda ebanzi. Inkampani iqhubeka nokutshala imali kumaphrojekthi athuthukisa amakhono ayo okukhiqiza futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwayo. Iphrojekthi yakamuva, okuzohlinzekwa ngayo amapayipi ensimbi ane-spiral-welded, kulindeleke ukuthi ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekwandiseni inethiwekhi yamapayipi e-Aramco.
Isidingo samapayipi e-SSAW kule phrojekthi siqhutshwa isidingo sokuthuthwa okuthembekile nokusebenza kahle kwama-hydrocarbon. Izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zamapayipi ane-spiral-welded, okuhlanganisa amandla awo okumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nezindawo ezibolayo, ziwenza abe yinketho efanelekile yezinhlelo ezinjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka ekukhiqizeni kuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokuya ngobubanzi nokuqina kodonga, kubhekelele izidingo ezithile zephrojekthi.
Imithelela Yezomnotho
Lesi sivumelwano asikona nje ukunqoba komkhiqizi wensimbi kuphela kodwa futhi sinomthelela obanzi wezomnotho. Inkontileka kulindeleke ukuthi idale amathuba emisebenzi emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza, kube neqhaza emnothweni wakuleli. Ukwengeza, ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwalo msebenzi kungaholela kwezinye izinkontileka ne-Aramco nezinye izinkampani emkhakheni wezamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuphule imboni yensimbi iyonke.
Imboni yensimbi iye yabhekana nezinselele eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuhlanganisa ukuguquguquka kwentengo nokuncintisana kwezinye izinto. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwesidingo semikhiqizo yensimbi yezinga eliphezulu, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezamandla, kuveza ithuba elibalulekile lokukhula. Iphrojekthi ye-Aramco iwubufakazi bokuqina kwemboni yensimbi kanye nekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zemakethe ezishintshayo.
Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe Ekukhiqizeni Amapayipi
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi ane-spiral-welded kubone intuthuko enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe eminyakeni yamuva. Izindlela zanamuhla zokukhiqiza ziye zathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yamapayipi e-SSAW, okuvumela izikhathi zokukhiqiza ngokushesha kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe. Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela obusezingeni eliphezulu, obufana nokushisela i-arc ngaphansi kwamanzi, buqinisekisa amalunga aqinile futhi anokwethenjelwa, abalulekile ekuthembekeni kwamapayipi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusungulwa kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamazinga ensimbi aqine kakhulu athuthukisa ukusebenza kwamapayipi ashiselwe ku-spiral. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukuqina kwamapayipi kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekuphepheni kukonke kokusebenza kwamapayipi.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwemvelo
Njengoba umhlaba uphokophele ezenzweni ezizinzile, imboni yensimbi nayo yenza igxathu ekunciphiseni umthelela wayo kwezemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi ane-spiral-welded kungalungiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukumosha nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphakeme kakhulu kuvumela izindonga ezincanyana, okunciphisa inani lensimbi edingekayo ekukhiqizeni, kuphinde kunciphise indawo yemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi ngamapayipi ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengokuhambisana nemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, njengamaloli noma ngesitimela. Ngokutshala imali engqalasizinda yamapayipi esebenza kahle, izinkampani ezifana ne-Aramco azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo kahle kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekusaseni lamandla esimeme kakhudlwana.
Isiphetho
Isivumelwano sakamuva sokwenziwa kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamapayipi ensimbi ane-spiral-welded wephrojekthi ye-Aramco sibonisa ingqopha-mlando embonini yensimbi. Igqamisa isidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo yensimbi yezinga eliphezulu emkhakheni wezamandla futhi igcizelela ukubaluleka kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekukhiqizeni amapayipi. Njengoba umhlaba uqhubeka nokuthembela kuwoyela negesi, indima yezinkampani ezifana ne-Aramco nabahlinzeki bazo izobaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuthuthwa okuphephile nokuphumelelayo kwalezi zinsiza ezibalulekile.
Le nkontileka ayigcini nje ngokuthembisa izinzuzo zezomnotho kodwa futhi ibonisa ukuzibophezela kwemboni ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha nasekusimameni. Njengoba imboni yensimbi izulazula ezinseleleni zomhlaba wesimanje, ubudlelwano obufana nalolu buzobaluleka ekuqhubekiseni ukukhula nokuqinisekisa ikusasa elisimeme lokuthuthwa kwamandla. Ukwenziwa ngempumelelo kwephrojekthi ye-Aramco kungavula indlela yokusebenzelana okwengeziwe, kuqinise ukubaluleka kwemikhiqizo yensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu endaweni yamandla omhlaba.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-24-2024
