① Saizi yezita uye saizi chaiyo
A, Saizi yezita: saizi yezita inodzorwa muchiyero, uye ndihwo saizi yakakodzera inotarisirwa nemushandisi nemugadziri, uye zvakare saizi yakaodha inoratidzwa muchibvumirano.
B, Saizi chaiyo: ndiyo saizi chaiyo inowanikwa panguva yekugadzirwa, uye saizi iyi inowanzokura kana idiki pane saizi yezita. Chiitiko chacho chinonzi kutsauka.
②Kutsauka uye kushivirira
A, Kutsauka: panguva yekugadzirwa, sezvo saizi chaiyo yakaoma kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nehukuru hwezita, kureva. saizi chaiyo kazhinji yakakura kana idiki pane saizi yezita, musiyano unotenderwa pakati pehukuru chaihwo uye saizi yezita. Musiyano wakanaka unonzi positive deviation, ukuwo musiyano unonzi negative deviation.
B, Kushivirira: huwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekutsauka kwakanaka uye kutsauka kwakashata kunodzorwa muchiyero kunonzi kushivirira, kunonziwo "tolerance zone".
③Delivery kureba
Hurefu hwekutumira hunonzi zvakare mushandisi unodiwa hurefu kana kureba kwechibvumirano. Mune chiyero, kune akati wandei mirau pakureba kwekutakura muyero, sekutevera:
A, Kureba kwakajairwa (kunonziwo kusarongeka kureba): kureba mukati mehurefu hwakadzorwa mune mwero uye pasina hurefu hunodiwa hunodanwa hurefu hwakajairika. Semuyenzaniso, inodzorwa muchimiro chubhu chiyero kuti: yakajairika kureba inopisa akakungurutswa (extruded, akawedzera) simbi chubhu iri 3000 mm -12000mm; nepo kureba kwakajairwa kwechando-inodhonzwa (yakakungurutswa) simbi chubhu iri 2000 mm-10500mm.
B, Cheka kureba: kureba kwakachekwa kazhinji kuri mukati mehurefu hwakafanana, uye ndihwo hurefu hwakatarwa saizi inodiwa muchibvumirano. Nekudaro, hazvigoneke kucheka zvachose kureba kwakachekwa nguva dzose mukushanda chaiko, saka zvinotenderwa kutsauka kwakanaka kwehurefu hwekucheka kunodzorwa muchiyero.
Tora structural chubhu semuenzaniso:
Chiyero chakapedzwa chechigadzirwa chekucheka-kusvika-kureba chubhu yakaderera zvakanyanya pane yakajairwa-urefu chubhu, saka mutengo unowedzera chikumbiro chinounzwa nemugadziri chine musoro. Mitengo yekuwedzera kwemitengo yebhizinesi rega rega haina kuenderana; kazhinji, mutengo unogona kuwedzerwa ne10% pahwaro hwemitengo yakakosha.
C, Hurefu hwakapetwa kaviri: hurefu hwakapetwa hunofanira kunge huri mukati mehurefu hwehurefu hwakafanana kazhinji, hurefu hwakapetwa kaviri uye huwandu hwekunyora hurefu hwakazara hunofanirwa kuratidzwa muchibvumirano (semuenzaniso, 3000 mm × 3, iyo inopetwa katatu ye3000 mm. , nehurefu hwakazara hwe9000mm). Mukushanda chaiko, kutsauka kunobvumirwa kwakanaka kwe20mm kunofanira kuwedzerwa kune hurefu hwakazara, pamwe nekuwedzera kumucheto kwekucheka kwehurefu hwega hweviri. Tora maitiro echubhu semuenzaniso, iyo inodiwa yekucheka margin ndeye 5 - 10mm yechubhu yesimbi ine dhayamita ≤159mm; 10-15mm yechubhu yesimbi ine dhayamita ＞159mm.
Kana pasina mirau muchiyero, kutsauka kwehurefu hwakapetwa kaviri uye kucheka muganho kunofanirwa kutaurirana nevose mutengesi nemutengi uye kuratidzwa muchibvumirano. Zvakafanana nekureba kwekucheka, kureba kwakapetwa kunogona kuderedza huwandu hwechigadzirwa chapera chebhizinesi zvakanyanya, saka mutengo unowedzera chikumbiro chinounzwa nemugadziri chine musoro, uye mutengo wekuwedzera mutengo wakafanana nekuwedzera kwemutengo wehurefu hwekucheka.
D, Range kureba: kureba kureba kunowanzova mukati mehurefu hwakafanana; muchiitiko chekuti mushandisi anoda hurefu muhurefu hwakatarwa, hunofanirwa kuratidzwa muchibvumirano. Semuenzaniso: iyo yehurefu hwakajairika ndeye 3,000-12000mm, nepo iyo yekucheka kureba iri 6000-8000mm kana 8000 ~ 10000mm.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti, zvinodikanwa pahurefu hwemhando zviri nyore pane kureba kwakachekwa uye kureba kwakapetwa kaviri, asi kuomarara kupfuura kureba kwakajairwa zvakanyanya, uye zvinogona kuderedza chiyero chakapedzwa chechigadzirwa chemabhizinesi. Naizvozvo, chikumbiro chekuwedzera mutengo chinoburitswa nemugadziri chine musoro; kazhinji, mutengo unogona kuwedzerwa neinenge 4% pahwaro hwemitengo yakakosha.
④Kukora kwemadziro kusina kuenzana
Simbi chubhu madziro ukobvu hazvibviri kufanana, kusaenzana madziro ukobvu anogona kuvapo pamuchinjikwa-chikamu uye longitudinal chubhu chinangwa, kureva. kusaenzana ukobvu. Kudzora ichi chisina kuenzana chiitiko, inotenderwa indexes yeasina kuenzana thicin iyo simbi chubhu mwero; kazhinji, inodzorwa kuti isapfuure 80% yekushivirira kwemadziro ukobvu (iyo inofanirwa kuve imkness inodzorwa inozadzikiswa mushure mekutaurirana pakati pekupa nemutengi).
⑤Ellipticity
Iyo dhayamita yekunze yechikamu chemuchinjikwa wechubhu yesimbi yakatenderedza inogona kunge isina kuenzana, ndiko kureba kwekunze kwedhayamita uye dhayamita shoma yekunze inogona kunge isiri perpendicular kune mumwe nemumwe, mutsauko uripo pakati pehupamhi hwekunze dhayamita uye hudiki hwekunze dhayamita ndeye ellipticity (kana non-round degree). Kuti udzore ellipality, zvinyorwa zvinobvumirwa zve ellipticity zvinogadziriswa mune imwe simbi tube standard; kazhinji, inodzorwa kuti isapfuure 80% yekushivirira kwedhayamita yekunze (iyo inofanirwa kuitwa mushure mekutaurirana pakati pekupa nemutengi).
⑥Curvature
Iyo chubhu yesimbi inotenderera pahurefu hwacho, uye dhigirii rekukotama rinoratidzwa nenhamba rinonzi curvature. Iyo curvature yakadzorwa muyero inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri zvinotevera:
A, Local curvature: 1-mita refu mutongi inogona kushandiswa kuyera chord kureba (mm) panzvimbo yepamusoro yekukotama, kureva. Local curvature value, chikamu chayo mm/m, semuenzaniso: 2.5 mm / m. Iyo nzira inoshandiswawo kune curvature ye tube end.
B, Kutenderera kwakazara kwehurefu hwakazara: simbisa tambo pamativi ese echubhu kuyera kureba kwechord kureba (mm) yenzvimbo yekukotama yechubhu yesimbi, wozoishandura kuita chikamu chehurefu (m), iyo ndiyo curvature yose pamwe nekureba kutungamira kwechubhu yesimbi.
Muenzaniso: kureba kwechubhu yesimbi i8m, uye kureba kwechord kureba kunoyerwa se30mm, saka kukombama kwechubhu kunofanirwa kuve:
0.03÷8m×100%=0.375%
⑦ Saizi inodarika
Saizi inodarika inogona zvakare kunzi inotenderwa kutsauka kwehukuru hunodarika mwero. Pano "saizi" inonyanya kureva dhayamita yekunze uye ukobvu hwemadziro echubhu yesimbi. Kazhinji, mumwe munhu anodana saizi inodarika se "kushivirira kunopfuura", asi iyi nzira yekuenzanisa kutsauka kune kushivirira haina kuomarara, uye inofanirwa kunzi "kutsauka kunopfuura". Pano kutsauka kunogona kuva "zvakanaka" kana "zvisina kunaka", "positive" kutsauka uye "negative" kutsauka hakumbopfuuri chiyero panguva imwe chete mubatch imwechete yesimbi chubhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-16-2018
