Beijing na shirye-shiryen yin amfani da ikonta na duniya da ba kasafai ba, don tunkarar yakin kasuwanci da ke kara ruruwa da Washington.
Wasu rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru na kasar Sin a jiya Laraba, ciki har da wani edita a cikin babbar jaridar jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta kasar Sin, sun nuna fatan rage fitar da kayayyaki daga waje da birnin Beijing ke fitarwa a fannonin tsaro, makamashi, na'urorin lantarki da na motoci.
Kasar China mafi girma a duniya, tana samar da kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na abubuwan da Amurka ke shigowa da su na kasa ba kasafai ake shigowa da su ba, wadanda ake amfani da su a cikin manhajoji da dama da suka hada da wayoyin komai da ruwanka, da motocin lantarki da injinan iska. Kuma galibin kasa da ba kasafai ake hakowa a wajen kasar Sin har yanzu suna zuwa can don sarrafa su - har ma da hakar ma'adinan Amurka guda daya a Mountain Pass a California na aika kayan sa ga al'ummar kasar.
Ma'aikatar Tsaro tana lissafin kusan kashi 1% na jimlar yawan amfani da Amurka na ƙasa ba kasafai ba, a cewar wani rahoto na 2016 daga Ofishin Ba da Lamuni na Gwamnatin Amurka. Har yanzu, “ƙasassun da ba safai ba suna da mahimmanci ga samarwa, dorewa, da sarrafa kayan aikin sojan Amurka. Amintaccen damar yin amfani da kayan da ake buƙata, ba tare da la'akari da matakin buƙatun tsaro gabaɗaya ba, buƙatu ne ga DOD, "in ji GAO a cikin rahoton.
Ƙasar da ba kasafai ba ta riga ta bayyana a cikin takaddamar ciniki. Kasar Asiya ta kara haraji zuwa kashi 25 cikin 100 daga kashi 10 cikin 100 na kayayyakin da Amurka ke shigowa da su ita kadai, yayin da Amurka ta kebe wasu abubuwan daga cikin nata jerin harajin da za ta biya kan kayayyakin kasar Sin na kusan dala biliyan 300 da za a yi niyya a matakai na gaba.
Dudley Kingsnorth, mai ba da shawara kan masana'antu kuma babban darektan Perth a Perth ya ce "Sin da kasa da ba kasafai ba kamar Faransa da giya - Faransa za ta sayar muku da kwalaben ruwan inabi, amma ba ta son sayar muku da inabin. Abubuwan da aka bayar na Industrial Minerals Co., Ltd.
An yi niyyar dabarun ne don ƙarfafa masu amfani da ƙarshen kamar Apple Inc., General Motors Co. da Toyota Motor Corp. don ƙara ƙarfin masana'antu a China. Har ila yau, barazanar da Beijing ke yi na yin amfani da ikonta na kasa da ba kasafai ba na yin barazana ga masana'antun Amurka, ta hanyar yunwar da masu kera kayayyakin da suka hada da motoci da injin wanki. Maƙarƙashiya ce mai iya ɗaukar shekaru kafin a karye.
"Haɓaka madadin samar da ƙasa da ba kasafai ba wani abu ne da zai iya faruwa a cikin dare ɗaya," in ji George Bauk, babban jami'in gudanarwa na Northern Minerals Ltd., wanda ke samar da ƙarancin earths carbonate, samfurin farko, daga masana'antar matukin jirgi a Yammacin Ostiraliya. "Za a sami lokaci mai tsawo don ci gaban kowane sabbin ayyuka."
Kowane jirgin saman F-35 Walƙiya II na Amurka - wanda aka ɗauka ɗaya daga cikin manyan jiragen yaƙi na duniya na zamani, masu iya motsi da sata - yana buƙatar kusan fam 920 na kayan duniya da ba kasafai ba, a cewar rahoton 2013 daga Sabis na Binciken Majalisar Dokokin Amurka. Shi ne tsarin makamai mafi tsada na Pentagon kuma mayaƙin farko da aka ƙera don yin hidima ga rassa uku na sojojin Amurka.
Ana amfani da ƙasan da ba kasafai ba da suka haɗa da yttrium da terbium don niyya ta Laser da makamai a cikin motocin yaƙi na gaba, a cewar rahoton Sabis na Bincike na Majalisa. Sauran amfani da su na amfani da motocin yaki masu sulke na Stryker, jirage marasa matuka na Predator da makamai masu linzami na Tomahawk.
Barazanar yin amfani da kayan masarufi na kara tayar da jijiyoyin wuya a tsakanin manyan kasashen biyu mafi karfin tattalin arziki a duniya kafin ganawar da ake sa ran za a yi tsakanin shugaba Xi Jinping da Donald Trump a taron G-20 na wata mai zuwa. Hakan ya nuna yadda China ke auna zabin ta bayan da Amurka ta sanya Huawei Technologies Co., ta katse samar da kayayyakin da Amurka ke bukata domin kera wayoyinta da na’urorin sadarwar zamani.
Bauk ya ce, kasar Sin, a matsayinta na kasar da ke kan gaba wajen kera kasa, ta nuna a baya cewa, za ta iya amfani da kasa da ba kasafai ba a matsayin hanyar yin ciniki idan aka zo batun shawarwarin bangarori daban-daban.
Wani abin misali shi ne karo na ƙarshe da Beijing ta yi amfani da ƙasa mara nauyi a matsayin makamin siyasa. A cikin 2010, ta toshe fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Japan bayan takaddamar teku, kuma yayin da sakamakon hauhawar farashin ya ga ɗimbin ayyuka don samar da kayayyaki a wani wuri - da kuma shari'ar da aka kawo wa Hukumar Kasuwanci ta Duniya - kusan shekaru goma bayan haka al'ummar har yanzu ita ce ta duniya. rinjaye maroki.
Babu wani abu kamar mota da aka sayar a Amurka ko aka kera a Amurka wacce ba ta da injunan maganadisu na dindindin na duniya a wani wuri a cikin taronta.
Bai kamata Amurka ta raina ikon kasar Sin na yaki da yakin ciniki ba, in ji jaridar People's Daily a cikin wani edita jiya Laraba, inda ta yi amfani da wasu lafuzza masu ma'ana a tarihi kan ma'aunin manufar kasar Sin.
Sharhin jaridar ya haɗa da wata kalma ta Sinanci da ba kasafai ba da ke nufin "kada ku ce ban yi muku gargaɗi ba." Jaridar ta yi amfani da takamaiman kalmomin a cikin 1962 kafin China ta yi yaƙi da Indiya, kuma "waɗanda suka saba da harshen diflomasiyya na Sin sun san nauyin wannan furci," in ji jaridar Global Times, mai alaƙa da Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci, a cikin wata labarin. a watan Afrilu. An kuma yi amfani da shi kafin rikici ya barke tsakanin Sin da Vietnam a shekarar 1979.
A kasashen da ba kasafai ba musamman, jaridar People's Daily ta ce ba shi da wuya a amsa tambayar ko China za ta yi amfani da abubuwan a matsayin ramuwar gayya a yakin kasuwanci. Editoci a cikin Global Times da Shanghai Securities News sun ɗauki irin wannan matakin a cikin bugunsu na Laraba.
Kasar Sin za ta iya yin barna mai yawa ta hanyar matse kayan maganadisu da injinan da ke amfani da abubuwan, in ji Jack Lifton, wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Binciken Fasahar Metals LLC, wanda ke da hannu tare da kasa da ba kasafai ba tun 1962. Tasiri kan masana'antar Amurka na iya zama "mummuna." ” in ji shi.
Misali, ana amfani da maganadisu na dindindin na duniya a cikin ƙananan injina ko janareta a yawancin fasahohi da yawa a yanzu. A cikin mota, suna ba da izinin goge gilashin gilashi, tagogin lantarki da tuƙin wuta suyi aiki. Kuma kasar Sin tana da kusan kashi 95% na abin da ake fitarwa a duniya, a cewar masana'antar ma'adinai ta masana'antu.
"Babu wani abu kamar mota da aka sayar a Amurka ko aka kera a Amurka wacce ba ta da injinan maganadisu na dindindin na duniya a wani wuri a cikin taronta," in ji Lifton. "Zai zama babbar nasara ga masana'antar kayan masarufi da masana'antar kera motoci. Wannan yana nufin injin wanki, injin tsabtace ruwa, motoci. Jerin ba shi da iyaka.”
Tarin abubuwa 17, wanda ya haɗa da neodymium, da ake amfani da su a cikin maganadisu, da ytrrium don kayan lantarki, a zahiri suna da yawa sosai a cikin ɓawon burodin duniya, amma abubuwan da ake iya samu ba su da yawa fiye da sauran ma'adanai. Dangane da sarrafa kayayyaki, karfin kasar Sin ya kai ninki biyu na bukatar da ake da ita a duniya, in ji Kingsnorth, lamarin da ya sa kamfanonin kasashen waje ke da wahala wajen shiga da kuma yin gasa a fannin samar da kayayyaki.
Kasuwar duniya da ba kasafai ba ta kasar Sin ta mamaye ’yan tsirarun masu kera da suka hada da China Northern Rare Earth Group, Minmetals Rare Earth Co., Xiamen Tungsten Co. da Chinalco Rare Earth & Metals Co.
Rikicin kasar Sin ya yi karfi sosai, har Amurka ta shiga tsakaninta da sauran kasashe a farkon wannan shekaru goma a shari'ar kungiyar cinikayya ta duniya don tilastawa al'ummar kasar fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje a cikin karancin duniya. WTO ta yi mulki ga Amurka, yayin da farashin ya faɗi yayin da masana'antun suka juya zuwa madadin.
A cikin watan Disamba na 2017, Trump ya sanya hannu kan wata doka ta zartarwa don rage dogaro da kasar kan tushen ma'adanai masu mahimmanci na waje, gami da kasa da ba kasafai ba, wanda ke da nufin rage raunin Amurka don samar da cikas. Sai dai tsohon sojan masana'antu Lifton ya ce matakin ba zai rage raunin kasar nan ba da jimawa ba.
"Ko da gwamnatin Amurka ta ce za ta samar da kudaden samar da kayayyaki, zai dauki shekaru," in ji shi. "Ba za ku iya cewa kawai, 'Zan gina mahakar ma'adinai, zan yi shukar rabuwa, da wurin maganadisu ko karafa.' Dole ne ku tsara su, gina su, gwada su, kuma hakan ba ya faruwa a cikin minti biyar."
Cerium: Ana amfani da shi don ba da launin rawaya zuwa gilashi, azaman mai kara kuzari, azaman foda mai gogewa da yin flints.
Praseodymium: Lasers, fitilar baka, maganadisu, ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, kuma azaman mai launin gilashi, a cikin ƙarafa masu ƙarfi da aka samu a cikin injunan jirgin sama kuma a cikin dutse don fara gobara.
Neodymium: Wasu daga cikin mafi ƙarfi na dindindin maganadisu akwai; ana amfani da su don ba da launi na violet zuwa gilashi da yumbu, a cikin lasers, capacitors da fayafai na motar lantarki.
Promethium: Abinda kawai na radiyo mai raɗaɗi-ƙasa ke samuwa. Ana amfani da shi a cikin fenti mai haske da baturan nukiliya.
Europium: Ana amfani da shi don shirya phosphor ja da shuɗi (alamomi akan bayanan kuɗin Yuro waɗanda ke hana jabu,) a cikin lasers, a cikin haske.
Terbium: Ana amfani da shi a cikin koren phosphor, maganadisu, lasers, fitilu masu kyalli, alloys magnetostrictive da tsarin sonar.
Ytrrium: Ana amfani da shi a cikin yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers, azaman jan phosphor, a cikin superconductors, a cikin bututu mai kyalli, a cikin LEDs kuma azaman maganin ciwon daji.
Dysprosium: Abubuwan maganadisu na duniya na dindindin; lasers da hasken kasuwanci; diski mai wuyar kwamfuta da sauran kayan lantarki; makaman nukiliya da motocin zamani masu amfani da makamashi
Holmium: Ana iya amfani dashi a cikin lasers, magnets, da calibration na spectrophotometers ana iya amfani da su a cikin sandunan sarrafa nukiliya da kayan aikin microwave
Erbium: Vanadium karfe, infrared Laser da fiberoptics Laser, ciki har da wasu amfani da kiwon lafiya dalilai.
Thulium: Daya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙasa. Ana amfani da shi a cikin lasers, fitilun halide na ƙarfe da injunan X-ray masu ɗaukar nauyi.
Ytterbium: Aikace-aikacen kiwon lafiya, ciki har da wasu magungunan ciwon daji; bakin karfe da kuma lura da illolin girgizar kasa, fashewar abubuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-03-2019
