Size Ingano yizina nubunini nyabwo
A size Ingano yizina: nubunini bwizina bugengwa mubisanzwe, kandi nubunini bwiza buteganijwe kubakoresha nuwayikoze, kandi nubunini bwateganijwe bwerekanwe mumasezerano.
B size Ingano ifatika: nubunini nyabwo bwabonetse mugihe cyo gukora, kandi ingano ubusanzwe nini cyangwa ntoya kuruta ingano yizina. Ibintu byitwa gutandukana.
Gutandukana no kwihanganirana
A viation Gutandukana: mugihe cy'umusaruro, nkubunini nyabwo buragoye kugera kubisabwa mubunini bw'izina, ni. ingano nyayo akenshi iba nini cyangwa ntoya kuruta ingano yizina, itandukaniro ryemewe hagati yubunini nyabwo nubunini bwizina. Itandukaniro ryiza ryitwa gutandukana kwiza, mugihe itandukaniro ribi ryitwa gutandukana nabi.
B 、 Ubworoherane: igiteranyo cyindangagaciro zuzuye zo gutandukana kwiza no gutandukana nabi kugengwa mubisanzwe byitwa kwihanganira, byitwa kandi "kwihanganira akarere".
LengthUburebure
Uburebure bwo gutanga nabwo bwitwa umukoresha usabwa uburebure cyangwa uburebure bwamasezerano. Mubisanzwe, hariho amabwiriza menshi kuburebure bwogutanga mubisanzwe, nkibi bikurikira:
A length Uburebure busanzwe (nabwo bwitwa uburebure butunguranye): uburebure buri muburebure buringaniye buteganijwe mubisanzwe kandi nta burebure bwagenwe bwitwa uburebure busanzwe. Kurugero, bigengwa nuburyo bwa tube bwubatswe ko: uburebure busanzwe bwumuriro ushyushye (washyizwe hanze, wagutse) umuyoboro wibyuma ni 3000 mm -12000mm; mugihe uburebure busanzwe bwicyuma gikonje (kizunguruka) icyuma ni mm 2000-10500mm.
B 、 Gukata uburebure: gukata uburebure akenshi biri murwego rwuburebure busanzwe, kandi nubunini bunini bwagenwe busabwa mumasezerano. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ntibishoboka guca uburebure buringaniye burigihe mubikorwa nyirizina, bityo biremewe gutandukana neza kwuburebure bwateganijwe kugenwa mubisanzwe.
Fata umuyoboro wubatswe nkurugero:
Igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye kugabanura-uburebure buringaniye cyane kurenza umuyoboro usanzwe, bityo igiciro cyo kongera igiciro cyazanywe nuwagikoze kirumvikana. Ibiciro byongera ibiciro bya buri kigo ntabwo bihuye; muri rusange, igiciro gishobora kwiyongeraho 10% hashingiwe ku biciro fatizo.
C length Uburebure bubiri: uburebure bubiri bugomba kuba muburebure bwuburebure busanzwe, uburebure bwikubye kabiri hamwe nubunini bwo guhimba uburebure bwose bugomba kwerekanwa mumasezerano (urugero, 3000 mm × 3, ni gatatu kuri 3000 mm , hamwe n'uburebure bwa 9000mm). Mubikorwa nyirizina, kwemererwa gutandukana neza kwa 20mm bigomba kongerwaho uburebure bwose, kimwe no kongeramo marike ya buri burebure. Fata umuyoboro wubatswe nkurugero, ibisabwa byo gukata ni 5 - 10mm kumuyoboro wibyuma ufite diameter ≤159mm; 10-15mm kumuyoboro wibyuma ufite diameter ＞ 159mm.
Niba nta mabwiriza asanzwe, gutandukana kabiri no kugabanya intera bigomba kumvikana nababitanze nabaguzi kandi bikerekanwa mumasezerano. Kimwe nuburebure bwagabanijwe, uburebure bubiri bushobora kugabanya igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye byikigo cyane, bityo icyifuzo cyo kongera ibiciro cyazanywe nuwagikoze kirumvikana, kandi igipimo cyo kuzamura ibiciro ni kimwe cyane n’igiciro cyo kongera ibiciro cyo kugabanya uburebure.
D length Uburebure buringaniye: uburebure buringaniye mubisanzwe muburebure busanzwe; mugihe umukoresha asaba uburebure murwego rurerure, bigomba kwerekanwa mumasezerano. Kurugero: ubwo burebure busanzwe ni 3000-12000mm, mugihe uburebure bwaciwe ni 6000-8000mm cyangwa 8000 ~ 10000mm.
Birashobora kugaragara ko, ibisabwa kuburebure buringaniye byoroshye kuruta uburebure bwagabanijwe nuburebure bwikubye kabiri, ariko birakomeye kuruta uburebure busanzwe cyane, kandi birashobora kugabanya igipimo cyibicuruzwa byarangiye byinganda. Kubwibyo, kongera ibiciro byifuzo byazanywe nuwabikoze birumvikana; muri rusange, igiciro gishobora kwiyongera hafi 4% hashingiwe ku biciro fatizo.
Ubunini bw'urukuta
Uburebure bwibyuma byibyuma ntibishoboka kuba bimwe, uburebure bwurukuta rutaringaniye burashobora kubaho kumurongo wambukiranya no mu miyoboro miremire, ni ukuvuga. ubunini butaringaniye. Kugenzura ibi bintu bitaringaniye, ibipimo byemewe bya thicin itaringaniye ibyuma byicyuma; muri rusange, birateganijwe kutarenga 80% yo kwihanganira uburebure bwurukuta (bigomba kuba imkness bigenwa neza nyuma yumushyikirano hagati yumuguzi nuwaguze).
Ubusobanuro
Diameter yo hanze yumusaraba wicyuma kizengurutse ibyuma birashobora kuba bitaringaniye, iyo niyo diameter ntarengwa yo hanze na diameter ntoya yo hanze ntishobora kuba perpendicular kuri mugenzi we, itandukaniro riri hagati ya diameter nini yo hanze na diameter ntoya yo hanze ni elliptike (cyangwa impamyabumenyi itari icyiciro). Kugirango ugenzure elliptike, indangagaciro zemewe za elliptique ziteganijwe muburyo bumwe bwicyuma; muri rusange, birateganijwe kutarenga 80% yo kwihanganira diameter yo hanze (igomba gushyirwa mubikorwa nyuma yumushyikirano hagati yumuguzi nuwaguze).
UrCurvature
Umuyoboro w'icyuma ni curvilinear ukurikije icyerekezo cy'uburebure, kandi urwego rwo kugunama rwerekanwe n'imibare rwitwa kugabanuka. Kugabanuka kugengwa mubisanzwe birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri nkibi bikurikira:
A cur Kugabanuka kwaho: metero 1 z'uburebure burashobora gukoreshwa mugupima uburebure bwa chord (mm) ahantu hahanamye cyane, ni. agaciro kavukire kaho, igice cyacyo ni mm / m, kurugero: 2,5 mm / m. Uburyo nabwo bukoreshwa kuri curvature ya tube end.
B 、 Muri rusange ubugari bwuburebure bwose: komeza umugozi kumpande zombi zumuyoboro kugirango upime uburebure bwa chord ntarengwa (mm) yumwanya uhetamye wicyuma, hanyuma uhindure ijanisha ryuburebure (m), ibyo ni rusange muri rusange kugana uburebure bwicyerekezo cyicyuma.
Urugero: uburebure bwicyuma ni 8m, kandi uburebure bwa chord ntarengwa bupimwa nka 30mm, bityo kugabanuka muri rusange kwigituba bigomba kuba:
0.03 ÷ 8m × 100% = 0.375%
IzeUbunini burenze
Ingano irenze irashobora kandi kwitwa nkukwemererwa gutandukana kwubunini burenze ibisanzwe. Hano "ubunini" bivuga cyane cyane diameter yo hanze n'ubugari bw'urukuta rw'icyuma. Mubisanzwe, umuntu yita ubunini burenze "kwihanganira birenze", ariko ubu buryo bwo kugereranya gutandukana no kwihanganira ntabwo bikomeye, kandi bigomba kwitwa "gutandukana birenze". Hano gutandukana birashobora kuba "byiza" cyangwa "bibi", gutandukana "kwiza" no "gutandukana" ntibishobora kurenga icyarimwe icyarimwe mugice kimwe cyicyuma.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-16-2018
